Justice: What's The Right Thing To Do? Episode 02: "PUTTING A PRICE TAG ON LIFE" – YouTube Dictation Transcript & Vocabulary
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Transcripción interactiva y destacados
1.Funding for this program provided by Additional funding provided by last time we argued about the case of the Queen verses Dudley and Stephens the lifeboat case, the case of cannibalism at sea and with the arguments about the lifeboat in mind the arguments for and against what Dudley and Stephens did in mind, let's turn back to the philosophy the utilitarian philosophy of Jeremy Bentham Bentham was born in England in 1748, at the age of twelve he went to Oxford, at fifteen he went to law school he was admitted to the bar at age nineteen but he never practiced law, instead he devoted his life to jurisprudence and moral philosophy
2.last time we began to consider Bentham's version of utilitarianism the main idea is simply stated and it's this, the highest principle of morality whether personal or political morality is to maximize the general welfare or the collective happiness or the overall balance of pleasure over pain in a phrase maximize utility Bentham arrives at this principle by the following line of reasoning we're all governed by pain and pleasure they are our sovereign masters and so any moral system has to take account of them
3.How best to take account
4.By maximizing and this leads to the principle of the greatest good for the greatest number what exactly should we maximize
5.Bentham tells us happiness or more precisely utility
💡 Tap the highlighted words to see definitions and examples
Vocabulario clave (CEFR B2)
individually
B2As individuals, separately, independently
Example:
"What do you say to Anna? she said that the minorities value less, I don't think that's the case because individually the minorities"
subcompact
B1Something that is smaller than the compact version, especially a very small car.
Example:
"anybody? it was a small car, subcompact car, very popular"
specially
B1For a special purpose, person, or occasion.
Example:
"Alright that's good, thank you So these are some of the controversies that arise these days from cost-benefit analysis especially"
defending
B1To ward off attacks against; to fight to protect; to guard.
Example:
"the main point of which was the importance of defending individual rights and minority"
completely
B1(manner) In a complete manner
Example:
"or do you think it's completely destroys the whole utilitarian calculus?"
eventually
B1In the end; at some later time, especially after a long time, a series of problems, struggles, delays or setbacks.
Example:
"as accurate, as desirable? I think that if ford and other car companies didn't use cost-benefit analysis they'd eventually go out"
sacrificed
B1To offer (something) as a gift to a deity.
Example:
"is sacrificed in this case. Alright let me ask, what's your name?"
sacrifice
B1The offering of anything to a god; a consecratory rite.
Example:
"is sacrificed in this case. Alright let me ask, what's your name?"
voitech's
B1A B1-level word commonly used in this context.
Example:
"two million was Voitech's figure is that about right? maybe a million. a million.?!"
preference
B2The selection of one thing or person over others (with the main adposition being "for" in relation to the thing or person, but possibly also "of")
Example:
"What do you say to Youngda? Youngda says you just have to add up people's preferences and those in the minority do have their preferences weighed."
| Palabra | CEFR | Definición |
|---|---|---|
| individually | B2 | As individuals, separately, independently |
| subcompact | B1 | Something that is smaller than the compact version, especially a very small car. |
| specially | B1 | For a special purpose, person, or occasion. |
| defending | B1 | To ward off attacks against; to fight to protect; to guard. |
| completely | B1 | (manner) In a complete manner |
| eventually | B1 | In the end; at some later time, especially after a long time, a series of problems, struggles, delays or setbacks. |
| sacrificed | B1 | To offer (something) as a gift to a deity. |
| sacrifice | B1 | The offering of anything to a god; a consecratory rite. |
| voitech's | B1 | A B1-level word commonly used in this context. |
| preference | B2 | The selection of one thing or person over others (with the main adposition being "for" in relation to the thing or person, but possibly also "of") |
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