What is a Gerund vs Present Participle | Basic English Grammar Rules | ESL | SAT | TOEFL – YouTube Dictation Transcript & Vocabulary
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Interactive Transcript & Highlights for Dictation
1.Do you mind my ASKING you - do you know what a GERUND is
2.I’m THINKING it may be more complicated than you think
3.All gerunds end in -ING, but...not all words that end in -ING are gerunds
4.A gerund is a noun you make from a verb by adding -ING
5.This means you can use a gerund in all the places you typically use nouns
💡 Tap the highlighted words to see definitions and examples
Key Vocabulary (CEFR B1)
struggling
A2To strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight (for or against), to contend.
Example:
"Here it is as an indirect object: As a struggling student, he gave reading a try."
following
A2To go after; to pursue; to move behind in the same path or direction.
Example:
"Which of the following are gerunds?"
dangerous
A2Full of danger.
Example:
"Stop doing that! It’s VERY dangerous."
example
A2Something that is representative of all such things in a group.
Example:
"let’s see some examples:"
student
A2A person who studies or learns about a particular subject.
Example:
"Here it is as an indirect object: As a struggling student, he gave reading a try."
remember
A2To recall from one's memory; to have an image in one's memory.
Example:
"Remember: -ING words are gerunds when they act like a noun."
usually
A2Most of the time; less than always, but more than occasionally.
Example:
"But rather than acting as a noun, a present participle usually acts like a verb tense:"
creative
B2A person directly involved in a creative marketing process.
Example:
"Let’s see how creative you can be!"
watching
A2To look at, see, or view for a period of time.
Example:
"Thank you for watching! :)"
texting
A2To send a text message to; i.e. to transmit text using the Short Message Service (SMS), or a similar service, between communications devices, particularly mobile phones.
Example:
"Texting and driving are two activities that should NOT go together."
| Word | CEFR | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| struggling | A2 | To strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight (for or against), to contend. |
| following | A2 | To go after; to pursue; to move behind in the same path or direction. |
| dangerous | A2 | Full of danger. |
| example | A2 | Something that is representative of all such things in a group. |
| student | A2 | A person who studies or learns about a particular subject. |
| remember | A2 | To recall from one's memory; to have an image in one's memory. |
| usually | A2 | Most of the time; less than always, but more than occasionally. |
| creative | B2 | A person directly involved in a creative marketing process. |
| watching | A2 | To look at, see, or view for a period of time. |
| texting | A2 | To send a text message to; i.e. to transmit text using the Short Message Service (SMS), or a similar service, between communications devices, particularly mobile phones. |
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Intonation
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