How do nuclear power plants work? - M. V. Ramana and Sajan Saini – YouTube Dictation Transcript & Vocabulary
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Interactive Transcript & Highlights for Dictation
1.On a December afternoon in Chicago during the middle of World War II, scientists cracked open the nucleus at the center of the uranium atom and turned nuclear mass into energy over and over again
2.They did this by creating for the first time a chain reaction inside a new engineering marvel: the nuclear reactor
3.Since then, the ability to mine great amounts of energy from uranium nuclei has led some to bill nuclear power as a plentiful utopian source of electricity
4.A modern nuclear reactor generates enough electricity from one kilogram of fuel to power an average American household for nearly 34 years
5.But rather than dominate the global electricity market, nuclear power has declined from an all-time high of 18% in 1996 to 11% today
💡 Tap the highlighted words to see definitions and examples
Key Vocabulary (CEFR B2)
technology
B1The organization of knowledge for practical purposes.
Example:
"What happened to the great promise of this technology?"
including
A2To bring into a group, class, set, or total as a (new) part or member.
Example:
"including high construction costs"
centrifuges
B1A device in which a mixture of denser and lighter materials (normally dispersed in a liquid) is separated by being spun about a central axis at high speed.
Example:
"through centrifuges"
regulated
A2To dictate policy.
Example:
"Methods like centrifuge processing must be carefully regulated"
spreading
A2To stretch out, open out (a material etc.) so that it more fully covers a given area of space.
Example:
"spreading as far and wide as the wind blows."
half-life
A2The time required for half of the nuclei in a sample of a specific isotope to undergo radioactive decay.
Example:
"plan to guard plutonium through its radioactive half-life"
visionary
A2Someone who has visions; a seer
Example:
"Visionary scientists from the early years of the nuclear age"
pioneered
A2To be the first to do or achieve (something), preparing the way for others to follow.
Example:
"pioneered how to reliably tap the tremendous amount of energy"
happened
A2To occur or take place.
Example:
"What happened to the great promise of this technology?"
promise
A2An oath or affirmation; a vow
Example:
"What happened to the great promise of this technology?"
| Word | CEFR | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| technology | B1 | The organization of knowledge for practical purposes. |
| including | A2 | To bring into a group, class, set, or total as a (new) part or member. |
| centrifuges | B1 | A device in which a mixture of denser and lighter materials (normally dispersed in a liquid) is separated by being spun about a central axis at high speed. |
| regulated | A2 | To dictate policy. |
| spreading | A2 | To stretch out, open out (a material etc.) so that it more fully covers a given area of space. |
| half-life | A2 | The time required for half of the nuclei in a sample of a specific isotope to undergo radioactive decay. |
| visionary | A2 | Someone who has visions; a seer |
| pioneered | A2 | To be the first to do or achieve (something), preparing the way for others to follow. |
| happened | A2 | To occur or take place. |
| promise | A2 | An oath or affirmation; a vow |
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